Studies on the Synoptic Problem


Three connected studies on the composition of the Gospel of Mark, with a supplement. They run from the most firmly grounded to the least — and perhaps, as a consequence, from the least interesting to the most. Each builds on the one before it, but each can also be read on its own.

Some of these are posted as preprints on Qeios and also here. Where both exist, the version on this site is the more recent. All are preprints; comments and criticism are welcome.

Study One

A Statistical Investigation of the Synoptic Problem

A statistical approach to the synoptic problem, finding for the Three Source Hypothesis: Mark first, Matthew drawing on Mark and a sayings source, and Luke drawing on all three.

Study Two

The Great Expansion: Proto-Mark and the Pro-Gentile Enlargement of Canonical Mark

Argues that canonical Mark is an expansion of an earlier proto-Mark by the gospel's own author. The added material is identified on formal source-critical grounds, without reference to theme — and turns out, as a result rather than a premise, to be uniformly pro-Gentile.

Supplement: The Night Trial, the Minor Agreements, and the Two Editions in Transmission

A further candidate for the expansion, raised in correspondence after the study was drafted, and treated at length: the night trial of Mark 14:55–64.

Study Three

Pauline Soteriology in the Gospel of Mark

The most venturesome of the three. Argues that Mark wrote a deliberately reserved text — a public surface and a disclosed sense given in the telling — and that the salt sayings of 9:49–50 encode a Pauline soteriology.

More

Proto-Mark: A Rough Reconstruction

A rough-draft reconstruction of proto-Mark, drawn largely from canonical Mark, and following Luke where noted. Annotated throughout to show what is read as original, what belongs to the expansion, and what is held in reserve. Offered as a companion to the studies rather than an argument in its own right.